BIOCHEMICAL BLOOD STATUS OF COWS WHEN USING BEET MOLASSES IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE VOLOGDA REGION

Abstract

Currently, in the Russian Federation there is an urgent problem of lack of
fast carbohydrates (sugars) in the field of agro-industrial complex. The cause of metabolic
disorders in farm animals is inadequate feeding. Beet molasses is often used to replenish the
lack of carbohydrates. Biochemical blood test of cattle includes the determination of glucose,
reactions to ketone bodies, total protein, urea, total calcium, inorganic phosphorus. Laboratory
experiments on the study of the chemical composition of beet molasses and biochemical parameters of animal blood were carried out in the analytical laboratory of Northwestern Research Institute of Dairy and Grassland Farming in the Vologda Region. An important parameter, which is associated with the level of general metabolism is the morphological and biochemical composition of blood serum. The content of carbohydrates in the blood of animals is
quite stable and is kept in healthy cows in the range of 52,00-53,87 mg%. The level of total
protein in the blood serum of ruminants was within the normal range of 8,00-8,90 g%. In the
blood of cows, there was a decrease in albumin by – 0,22 g%-0,33 g% in 2020. In 2019 this
parameter remained almost unchanged: 3,23-3,34 g%. As a result of the analysis, an increase
in the normative parameters of globulins was not recorded. The limits of this parameter in the
blood serum of ruminants were 0,71–2,42 g%. The ratio of the albumin and globulin protein
fraction also corresponded to the physiological norm and was 0,55-0,80. The analysis of the
nutritional value of beet molasses and the obtained biochemical parameters of the blood of
farm animals give a general description of the state of the body of ruminants in the preweaning period. Control over a balanced diet of animals is the main factor, which prevent pathological changes in metabolism.