USE OF MULTIFUNCTIONAL PREPARATIONS IN DIFFERENT GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT STAGES OF WINTER WHEAT

Abstract

The article presents the results of identifying the features of yield formation and grain quality of winter wheat using multifunctional (organo-mineral) preparations in cultivation technology on ordinary chernozem in the unstable moisture zone of the Stavropol Territory. The studies were carried out on the experimental field of the Plant Physiology Department in 2022-2024. The experimental design included: treatment during autumn tillering – Ikar Fosto (0,5 l/ha) and Intense 1-42-9 (0,5 l/ha); spring tillering – Ikar Fosto (0,7 l/ha) and Intense 1-42-9 (0,7 l/ha); stalk shooting – Go Drip Max (1 kg/ha) and Intense 7-22-29 (0,7 l/ha); heading – Go Drip Max (1 kg/ha) and Intense 7-22-29 (0,7 l/ha); grain filling – Go Drip Max (1 kg/ha) and Intense 4-17-22 (0,7 l/ha). The variant without treatments with multifunctional preparations was used as a control. The best results in terms of grain yield were obtained when using both preparations during autumn tillering: Ikar Fosto – by 10,5%, Intense 1-42-9 – by 10,1%; during spring tillering: Ikar Fosto – by 8,9%, Intense 1-42-9 – by 9,6%; during shooting: Intense 7-22-29 – by 9,1; during heading: Intense 7-22-29 – by 8,9%; grain filling: Go Drip Max – by 9,9%. Almost all variants with multifunctional preparations showed an increase in grain quality: protein by 0,3-1,0%, wet gluten by 0,4-2,9%. At the same time, the gluten deformation index changed insignificantly. The increase in yield and improvement in grain quality are due to the improvement of photosynthetic activity and optimization of mineral nutrition of plants when using multifunctional preparations in the technology of growing winter wheat: an increase in the chlorophyll content in plant organs by 2,4-84,1%, nitrogen – by 10,0-47,9 relative %, and phosphorus by 28,7-59,0 relative %.