ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF CROP ROTATIONS WHEN CULTIVATING FIELD CROPS WITHOUT TILLAGE

Abstract

The aim of the research was to study the effect of crop rotation on the economic efficiency of arable crop rotations when they are cultivated using No-till technology in the ordinary chernozem of the unstable moistening zone on the Stavropol Territory. For this purpose, in a long – term stationary experiment, 9 schemes of arable fruit replaceable crop rotations were studied, differing in the number of fields (from 4 to 6), a set of crops and their alternation in the crop rotation. It has been established that when cultivating field crops without tillage, the economic efficiency of crop production depends on a set of crops and their alternation in crop rotation. The most cost-effective is a six-course crop rotation with two fields of legumes: soya bean-winter wheat – peas – winter wheat – sunflower – corn, in which from 1 hectare of crop rotation area 3,85 thousand grain units/hectare with a cost of 4,82 rubles/grain units are produced; profit and profitability of crop production amounted to 20888 rubles/hectare and 113.0%. Four-course (soya bean – winter wheat – sunflower – corn) and five-course (soya bean – winter wheat – sunflower – corn – winter wheat) crop rotations provide a high profitability of production (108,7 and 106,2%). Placing winter wheat in the  crop rotation for two consecutive years leads to a decrease in the yield of the second winter wheat by 1,8-2,0 times, which leads to a significant reduction in the yield of grain units to 3,48-3,57 thousand/hectare of the crop rotation area and decrease of production profitability to 84,4- 92,3 %.