EFFECTIVENESS OF THE USE OF SEXED SEMEN IN THE HERD REPRODUCTION OF HOLSTEIN COWS IN CONDITIONS OF FARM ENTERPRISES IN THE VORONEZH REGION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48612/FARC/2687-1254/016.2.17.2024Keywords:
sexed semen, gonadotropin-releasing hormone, traditional semen, Holstein breed, cows, estrus synchronization, artificial insemination, herd replacements, prostaglandin, milk yield.Abstract
The research was conducted in the conditions of the industrial complex of
“EkoNivaAgro” LLC in the Voronezh Region. This farm enterprise specializes in milk production. The farm enterprise has 12000 purebred Holstein cows. According to the work results of the farm enterprise in recent years, milk productivity is about 10000 kg per year with
an average fat content in milk of about 4%. Reproduction of the herd is carried out through
the use of semen production from Holstein servicing bulls of leading lines, such as Reflection
Sovereign and Vis Back Ideal. The calf crop per 100 cows of the herd is more than 80%. The
replacement of breeding stock is carried out through the use of replacement heifers, which are
obtained and raised on the farm enterprise. In recent years, in order to increase the number of
replacement heifers, sexed semen has been used in the farm enterprise. A comparative study
was carried out on the effectiveness of using sexed semen in artificial insemination of Holstein cows using an estrus synchronization scheme. The use of sexed semen in artificial insemination of cows helps to increase the number of replacement heifers with better genetic
potential, and allows them to be used for herd replacement in sufficient number. In industrial
milk production, the minimum required level of replacement of the cow herd is 30–35%.
When reproducing a herd using traditional semen, the heifer crop per 100 cows is approximately 35–40%. When using semen divided by sex, together with the use of estrus synchronization schemes for cows, it is possible to obtain 70 or more heifers from 100 cows per year.
According to the research, as a result of the cows` calving of the experimental group, 76 heifers were obtained, which, with the livability of herd replacements from birth to the first calving ensured the replacement of the main herd of cows at the level of 90% with 2 times more
replacement heifers, than the minimum required for intensive dairy cattle breeding. Heifers, which are above the required number for the herd replacement, are subjected to sale to other
enterprises.
