CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS IN EGG INCUBATION OF MEAT CHICKEN CROSSES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48612/FARC/2687-1254/018.4.16.2023Keywords:
circadian rhythms, egg incubation, meat chicken crosses, Ross-308, differentiated regimes.Abstract
Selective breeding of meat chickens to achieve a speed of gaining high live
weight of broilers by the time of slaughter, invariably leads to a change not only in the biology of the bird, but also in the biology of egg development. Each new hybrid of meat chickens
requires the development of optimal incubation regimes for crossbred chicken eggs. For artificial incubation of eggs at poultry farms, it is necessary to have modern equipment, highgrade hatching eggs and strict adherence to all technological processes during incubation.
Most of the physiological processes, which occur in bird ontogenesis, as well as growth and
development, are controlled by circadian rhythms. During the development process, the embryo goes through a number of stages caused by qualitative structural changes and subsequent
periods of growth. The periods of change from development to periods of growth are critical
and most sensitive to the influence of external factors. The article discusses the main fundamental issues of developing differentiated incubation regimes taking into account the circadian rhythms of chicken embryos. The purpose of the research was to develop a differentiated
incubation regime that took into account biological rhythms to increase the synchronization
and hatching of young meat chickens. The subject of the research was circadian rhythms in
the incubation of poultry eggs. The object was hatching eggs of Ross-308 cross of hens,
which were selected on the 3rd day after laying. The research was carried out at the Department of Livestock Breeding and Zootechnologies of Kuban State Agrarian University. When
incubating eggs, the only time signal was temperature, so switching the temperature with the
periodicity of the circadian rhythms of chickens (23, 25 hours) contributed to the development
of a new regime. The developed regime increases the hatching of chickens and the hatchability of eggs, synchronizes the mass hatching of chickens while reducing the period of embryogenesis.
