ДИАМЕТР И УРАВНЕННОСТЬ ШЕРСТИ ПО ТОНИНЕ ТОНКОРУННЫХ БАРАНОВ ПЛЕМЕННЫХ ЗАВОДОВ СТАВРОПОЛЬСКОГО КРАЯ

WOOL DIAMETER AND FINENESS EQUALIZATION OF FINE WOOL RAMS OF THE BREEDING FARMS IN THE STAVROPOL TERRITORY

Abstract

Rams have a great influence on the change in the productivity of a flock of
sheep, since a significant number of offspring of both sexes can be obtained from each of
them. This determines the importance of an objective assessment of the productivity of breeders, including instrumental measurement and comprehensive analysis of the qualitative parameters of wool. Wool fineness is the most important feature of wool productivity of sheep,
which requires increased attention in breeding with fine wool breeds, primarily because it determines 75% of the value of wool on the market. In the Stavropol Territory, almost all fine
wool breeds are represented by sheep of wool and wool-meat types, the profitability of which
largely depends on the nature and quality of the obtained wool products. On this basis, the
purpose of the research was to study the fineness and evenness of wool in fineness in staple
and in fleece of rams of fine wool breeds of the region and to rank breeding farms according
to these characteristics. The object of the study was wool samples taken from the sides and
legs of the main and replacement rams in May and June 2022 in 9 breeding farms of the Stavropol Territory. In total, there were examined 996 samples from animals of four fine wool
breeds. The studies showed a certain variability in wool fineness between stud flocks of the
same breed, which turned out to be the greatest in sheep of the Stavropol breed. The differences were most evident not in the average fineness of wool in a flock of sheep, but in the ratios in the number of breeders with different wool fineness. Thus, the proportion of rams,
which had wool on their sides with fineness of less than 23 microns in the APC “Breeding
farm “Vtoraya Pyatiletka” was 84 %, while in the collective farm “Rodina” – only 22,4%. A
significant range of fluctuations in fineness between different animals of individual stud
flocks was established up to 11,2 microns. As for stud flocks of different sheep breeds of the
Stavropol Territory, the fineness of wool ranged from 21,47 to 24,43 microns. It was noted
that the greatest variability in the diameter of the fibers was observed inside the staple of the
wool, and not along its length, or in different parts of the body of an animal. The wool of rams of all breeds, with the exception of individual animals, was well equalized in fineness in the
staple and in the fleece and met the requirements of GOST 26383-84.