Comparison of no-till and minimal tillage when growing interPLaNteD crops and spring wheat

Abstract

The introduction of modern technologies for the production of agricultural products in each soil and climatic zone which are based on efficient resource-saving methods of tillage will make a significant contribution to the Program for the Development of Agriculture of the Russian Federation. The Middle Cis-Ural region is a large industrial center, which presents well-developed agricultural industry. Sod-podzolic soils predominantly spread on this territory are characterized by erosional features, low humus-content and weak structural aggregate strength, but with good water supply during growing period, one can get good levels of crop yields. As a result of the conducted research, it was found that in a crop rotation the best results are obtained by a resource-saving soil-protective combined soil cultivation system based on a combination of moldboard plowing, subsoil and minimum tillage for different crop rotation. It has been determined that in the technology of growing spring wheat after meadow clover, good results show both moldboard plowing and minimal tillage systems, but the most effective is the minimum system, for fall tillage, based on the BDT-7 disking and subsequent processing with the Combimaster 4,2 combined unit. Here, the grain yield of spring wheat was 3,3 tons/hectare, which was not statistically different from the variant with moldboard plowing, but it was more economically profitable. The minimum tillage system is more efficient when growing winter and spring interplanted crops. The technology of growing crops by direct seeding is inferior to the technology of minimal tillage, which is associated with a significant increase in weed infestation of crops by perennial weeds in each subsequent crop.