ENHANCEMENT OF CARP AND TROUT RESISTANCE THROUGH THE USE OF BLOOD PROTEINS

Abstract

In the context of intensified aquaculture, one of the pressing challenges is
increasing fish resistance to adverse abiotic and biotic factors arising during intensive farming. Decreased resistance leads to increased disease incidence, fish mortality, and significant
economic losses, necessitating the search for safe and effective immunomodulatory agents.
The aim of this research was to study the effects of “Actipro 75” BPS dried beef plasma and
“Actipro 95” BHS dried beef hemoglobin on resistance parameters in common carp and rainbow trout of various age groups. The research was conducted during 2025 in the Aquarium
Research and Production Unitary Enterprise of the “Fish Industry Institute”, in the Republic
of Belarus (Minsk Region). Juvenile and two-year-old common carp and rainbow trout were
the subjects of the study. Protein substances were administered orally to individuals for 5 days
at various doses. Resistance was assessed using hematological and immunobiochemical parameters of blood and serum, including red blood cell count, hemoglobin level, total protein
content, leukocyte phagocytic activity, β-lysine activity, lysozymic and serum bactericidal
activity. The studied protein substances were found to be non-toxic to fish and safe at the
studied doses. The use of dried beef plasma “Actipro 75” BPS and dried beef hemoglobin
“Actipro 95” BHS contributed to a significant increase in resistance parameters, especially
phagocytic activity and β-lysine activity, with the most pronounced effect observed with
plasma. Effective doses and frequency of application of these substances for juvenile and twoyear-old common carp and rainbow trout were determined, which allowed us to recommend
their use in aquaculture to improve fish resistance.