USE OF A COMPREHENSIVE INDEX ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF OBTAINING GAIN AND QUALITY OF CARCASSES OF YOUNG PIGS IN THE SELECTION OF FINAL PATERNAL BREEDS FOR THREE-BREED CROSSING

Abstract

The use of industrial crossbreeding schemes in modern pig breeding with
the introduction of breeds, which are characterized by increased meat productivity, is the most
effective way to improve the quality of carcasses obtained from fattened young animals. The
aim of the research was to develop a comprehensive breeding index to assess the effectiveness
of obtaining gain in young pigs, which were fattened to heavy weight, with simultaneous con
sideration of the manifestation of fattening and meat qualities, followed by an assessment of
the possibility of selecting the best final paternal forms using this index in three-breed cross
breeding schemes. The developed complex breeding index “Efficiency index of obtaining
gain” (EIOG), which simultaneously reflects the dynamics of quantitative changes in carcass
and muscle mass gain, stability of meat quality retention with an increase in live weight over
100 kg and feed costs for live weight gain, can be used to assess the level of fattening and
meat qualities of young animals of different breeds combinations to identify the best of them.
The use of the EIOG index on the example of a comprehensive assessment of the fattening
and meat qualities of young animals when organizing the selection of the best final paternal
breeds for three-breed crossing made it possible to establish that the best in this respect are the
Canadian Duroc and German Duroc, with EIOG values in the offspring of boars of these
breeds – 39,5 and 36,1. The use of initially maternal Canadian and German Yorkshire breeds,
and Canadian and German Landrace allow the offspring to reach the values of the EIOG in
the range of 24,5 – 31,1.