EVALUATION OF REPLACEMENT GILTS OF THE MATERNAL PIG BREED, WHICH ARE USED AT THE FIRST STAGE OF COMMERCIAL CROSS BREEDING

Abstract

In order to obtain commercial hybrids, it is important to choose the maternal breed and evaluate the growth, development and reproductive ability of replacement purebred sows. The aim of the research, which was conducted in 2023 at the LLC “Agrofirm Ariant” (Krasnogorsk pig-breeding complex) in the Chelyabinsk region, was to evaluate the growth, development, and reproductive performance of purebred replacement sows of the maternal breed. Purebred gilts of the Yorkshire breed in the amount of 300 head were used as the object of the research. According to the results of the research, it was found that the animal population, which was selected for the evaluation, had characteristics of the Yorkshire breed, which made it possible to use this sample in the future to obtain crossbreeds of the first generation. A properly selected homogeneous group of pigs made it possible to obtain high characteristics of reproductive qualities at the first stage of commercial cross breeding. Along with this, the resulting young animals were equal in live weight at the time of weaning. According to the valuation parameters, the selected population of replacement gilts was homogeneous when reaching 100 kg. All animals were rated as elite class, which allowed us to use this sample in further studies. In order to evaluate the reproductive qualities of the replacements, experimental animals were inseminated with the seed of a boar of the Landrace breed No. 620001. At the same time, it can be noted that the percentage of NIP in the group was 14%, emergency farrowing was 7,0%, and the reproductive capacity of the group was 172,0%. The selected population of sows differed significantly in terms of body length, which indicated the expediency of conducting studies on the effect of the body length of sows of the maternal breed on their own parameters of reproductive qualities, as well as on the growth and productivity characteristics of F1 offspring and commercial hybrids.