DEVELOPMENT OF PATHOGENESIS OF BOVINE LEUKEMIA AND HUMAN HEMOBLASTOSIS

Abstract

This article assesses the incidence of hemoblastosis based on data from territorial cancer registries, which were created at the Oncology Dispensary of the Republic of Kalmykia. The epidemiological situation for hemoblastosis was analyzed for the period from 2000 to 2020, taking into account intensive and standardized indicators per 100 thousand population of all ages. The main aim of the study was to identify the relationship between oncopathology in the population of the Republic of Kalmykia and the spread of bovine leukemia virus (BLV). Data analysis showed that average share of hemoblastosis was 4,94% of all malignant tumors, while the number of cancer patients increased from 2590 cases in 2000 to 6003 in 2019. The incidence of malignant lymphomas in the region exceeds the incidence of leukemia, with malignant forms of lymphomas occurring 1,3 times more often than leukemia. The study also revealed that the average values for oncopathology in the urban population were lower than in the rural population by 1,2 times. The incidence of hemoblastosis was unevenly distributed across the regions of the republic, with the highest share of incidence in the Iki-Burulsky district (22,5%). At the same time, the republic had a low percentage of infection with leukemia in cattle, which averaged 0,2% over the past 10 years. However, in some districts, such as Gorodovikovsky and Iki-Burulsky, there was an increased incidence of lymphomas and leukemia. Thus, the results of the study emphasize the importance of monitoring the incidence of hemoblastosis and its relationship with infections among farm animals to improve the epidemiological situation in the region.