DYNAMICS OF THE NUMBER OF SAANEN GOATS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND THEIR MILK YIELD

Abstract

Monitoring the number and milk yield of goats in Russia plays a key role in the development of agriculture. Breeding of these animals is becoming an economically advantageous and promising area. For the successful support and development of dairy goat breeding in the Russian Federation, it is necessary to take into account the number of livestock and the quality of products. Goat milk is a valuable product, and the Saanen breed is highly productive in that respect. The purpose of the work is to analyze the number and milk yield of Saanen goats in Russia, as well as to study the main characteristics of the chemical composition of milk. This paper concentrates on the analysis and the study of the dynamics of the number of Saanen goats in the period from 2019 to 2022 in such farms as: Goat milk complex (GMC) Nadezhdinskii LLC, Lukoz LLC, Eco-farm Klimovskaia LLC, Farm household Rus – 1 LLC, Pioneer Agro Park LLC, Berezka LLC. From February to July 2024, 60 samples of dairy products (goat milk), which were produced at GMC Nadezhdinskii in the Stavropol Territory were analysed in the laboratory of promising dairy resources of VNIIOK (All-Russian Research Institute of Sheep and Goat Breeding) – a branch of the FSBSI “North Caucasus Federal Agricultural Research Center”. According to the study protocol, the following were determined: fat mass fraction – 3,83%; protein – 3,15%; lactose – 3,55%; nonfat milk solids – 6,37%; dry solids – 10,20%; density – 1028 kg/m3 and energy value – 64,34 kcal/g. The obtained data correspond to average parameters of Russia. Saanen goats demonstrate high productivity and excellent milk quality, which strengthens the position of Russian producers in the market. The analyser “InfraMilk” provides accurate and reliable data, opening up new opportunities for strategic planning and improvement of production processes. The introduction of modern technologies and methods of farm management, as well as support for scientific projects in this area will continue to develop goat breeding successfully and meet the growing demand for high-quality milk both in the country and abroad.