OPTIMAL TIMES AND METHODS FOR QUEEN BEES REARING IN THE TYU-MEN REGION

Abstract

Beekeeping is valued not only for its nutritious, dietary and medicinal products, but also for pollinating entomophilous crops, which increases crop yields. However, in the modern beekeeping industry there are significant problems, such as bee diseases, natural and climatic conditions that slow down the development of this area. In order to improve the state of beekeeping, it is necessary to develop biotechnological measures that promote the development of this virtually non-waste industry. One of the methods is carrying out artificial queen rearing in an apiary. It allows beekeepers to quickly promote the development of bees and strengthen families for the upcoming honey harvest and winter. The biological features of the bee development cycle help to rear queens artificially. It is important that each beekeeper has a supply of queens in his apiary to renew colonies in case of losses. For artificial queen rearing, it is necessary not only to master the technology of breeding, but also to determine the most favourable time, taking into account natural and climatic conditions. The purpose of this work is to establish the optimal time of artificial queen rearing in apiaries in the Tyumen Region. Scientific research in this area was carried out at the Department of Anatomy and Physiology of the FSBEI HE “Northern Trans-Ural State Agricultural University” and in apiaries in the south of the Tyumen Region from 2020 to 2023. During the work, the biological cycle and periods of development of different castes of the bee family were taken into account: queens, worker bees and drones in the conditions of the Tyumen Region. Based on the results of the research, taking into account natural and climatic features and the annual development cycle of bees, the optimal time of artificial queen rearing in the region was determined.