CHARACTERISTICS OF THE IMPROVED IN VITRO GRAPE DEVELOPMENT WITH THE USE OF BENZIHOL AND ETIHOL

Abstract

Favorable natural and climatic conditions for growing grapes in the southern regions of the Russian Federation, the growing global demand for high-quality wine products, turn viticulture and winemaking into a promising segment of Russian agro-industrial
complex. However, domestic raw materials are currently insufficient to meet the needs of
winemakers, since, according to experts, it is necessary to have at least 200 thousand hectares
of vineyards, whereas today, according to the most optimistic estimates, it is about 95 thousand hectares in the Russian Federation. A serious problem, which is holding back the development of viticulture, is the lack of domestic planting material for new vineyard establishment. Therefore, the development of methods for obtaining high-quality seedlings of this crop
is of paramount importance. The research was carried out in 2021 in the Department of Biotechnology of the FSBSI “North Caucasus Federal Agricultural Research Center”. The purpose of the research was to study the features of the development of improved in vitro grape
cuttings on a solid nutrient medium for rooting H-1 under the action of the stress protection
preparations Benzihol and Etihol. The object of the research was a middle-late variety Rubin
Golodrigi, which was used for the production of red wines. The results of studies on the effect
of very low concentrations of synthetic preparations Benzihol and Etihol, which have auxin
and retardant activity, indicate a positive stimulating effect of phytoregulators – stress protectors on the morphogenesis of test tube plants. The greatest effect was obtained when Benzihol
was introduced into the nutrient medium at a concentration of 1*10-7 M, as well as Etihol at
concentrations, which did not exceed 1*10-9 M and 1*10-11M. A positive effect of Benzihol
and Etihol on all morphogenetic parameters within 30 days was revealed, which made it possible to use these preparations to obtain high-quality grape seedlings for transferring them to
nurseries of the region.