CORRELATION BETWEEN OAT PRODUCTIVITY AND WETHER CONDITIONS OF THE YEAR

Abstract

With the help of various agrotechnical methods, a rational system for the use of fertilizers, pesticides and physiologically active substances, as well as other factors controlled by humans, grain yields that are stable over the years can be ensured even in the arid conditions of the steppe region. Field experiments were conducted during 2015-2018 on the fields of the Lower Volga Research Institute of Agriculture, a branch of the Federal Scientific Center for Agroecology of the RAS in the Gorodishchensky District of the Volgograd Region. For the research area, generally accepted technology was used. To start the experiment, the Tyumen naked oat variety was used. The experimental plot area is 300 m². The repetition is fourfold. In the wet year 2016, the highest oat yield was obtained from the predecessor of sorghum. In the dry years (2015, 2017 and 2018), the yield was 2,5-3 times less. Pair correlation coefficients (on average for 2015-2018) for all predecessors have average values between y (yield) and factors. According to the results of studies, the greatest correlation of oat yield with moisture conditions for the sorghum precursor was noted; similar data for the same predecessor were obtained when comparing the dependence of yield on the soil moisture. In the dry-steppe zone of chestnut soils, the subzone of light chestnut soils, soils of the Lower Volga region, various precursors and methods of biologization have an effective impact on the application of the organic matter into the soil and the yield of grain crops.