APPLICATION OF OIL TRAPS AND FOOD BAITS IN GRANARIES

Abstract

For timely and effective destruction of pests in food resources, early diagnosis of their infestation is very important. In order to do this, various types of traps and food
baits are used. Plant substances can be used to increase their attractiveness. The article presents experimental data on the use of five types of vegetable oils, which are used as pure attractants in oil traps, as well as with the addition in food baits. Pilot production tests were carried out at the enterprises of bread products of the Stavropol Territory in warehouses with
wheat grain, which was stored in bulk in the period from September to November. During the
observation period, 2364 specimens of various insect species were collected. The largest
number of warehouse insects turned out to be in traps and baits with burdock oil. Here, the
number of collected insects amounted to 42,4% of the total number of collected specimens. It
was followed by corn (31%) and olive (14,6%) oils. The lowest number of identified specimens was in traps with sunflower oil (4,5%). Regardless of the number, corn oil turned out to
be the most effective for the majority of identified species of warehouse entomofauna. In total, out of 12 identified families, 23 species of 11 families were found in this variant. Burdock
oil turned out to be ineffective for many species of coleopterans from the families of powderpost beetles (Bostrychidae), dermestid beetles (Dermestidae), ostomatid beetles (Ostomatidae), antlike flower beetles (Anthicidae), cryptophagid beetles (Cryptophagidae), brown
scavenger beetles (Lathridiidae), nitidulid beetles (Nitidylidae) and tenebrionid beetles (Tenebrionidae). 15 species of insects were identified in traps with this oil. Depending on the biological characteristics, the identified types of warehouse entomofauna were classified into certain trophic groups. For the safety of products, it is important to determine trophic groups of
the identified species in order to optimize further storage condition of products in an unfavorable direction for pests, including, if necessary, to plan and carry out extermination measures.