ECOLOGICAL TYPIFICATION OF KARAKUL SHEEP
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25930/2687-1254/009.3.15.2022Keywords:
Karakul breed, Karakul lambs, Karakul skins, desert zone, ecological environment, ecological typification, body build index, lambskin indicatorAbstract
Karakul breeding is the main branch of desert and pasture animal husbandry,
which produce highly valuable karakul skins, coarse wool, meat, clothing-wool sheepskin,
etc. The Karakul breed has a stable genotype, which is expressed in the dominance of karakul
curls. They appear in the first generation when crossing with other breeds of sheep. The
breeding area of Karakul sheep is divided into 3 ecological zones (sand desert, clay-gypsum
desert, foothill semi-desert), where sometimes some significant indicators of variability in the
manifestation of biological and breeding traits are observed. This requires studying the characteristics of sheep and the principles of their ecological typification, which ensure a high
level of the productive indicators of sheep in certain ecological breeding zones. The studies
were carried out in Karakul breeding farms “Zhangeldy” in Bukhara region, “Saribel” in
Navoiy region (sand desert), “Mubarek” in Qashqadaryo region (clay desert), “Gazgan” in
Navoiy region (foothill semi-desert). The article provides some analytical material on the
characteristics of biological nature, the growth and development of lambskin indicators of
sheep, which were bred in different ecological zones. The data on the study of body build indexes of sheep in three zones were analyzed, where we established the superiority of the sand
desert in terms of long-legged index (47.2) in comparison to the foothill semi-desert zone
(43.8), which ensures their easy movement along sandy pastures. According to other indices,
a certain superiority of sheep, which were bred in the foothill semi-desert was established,
which ensures higher meat productivity. We established higher output rates of mediumcurled, long-curled, and high quality hair coat lambs in the sandy desert zone, which were distinguished by shorter hair at birth (9.0±0.10 mm), than lambs from the clay desert and foothill
semi-desert (9.76± 0.12 and 10.2 ± 0.10 millimeters). The facts, which were established in the
research, can serve as indicators for the ecological typification of Karakul sheep, which will
ensure a more complete manifestation of traits in individual breeding areas.
