DISTRIBUTION OF MINERAL FORMS OF NITROGEN IN THE PROFILE OF SEMITERRESTRIAL MEADOW-CHERNOZEMIC SOILS OF THE CENTRAL FLOODPLAIN OF THE MIASS RIVER

Abstract

The results of the research, which is aimed at studying the behavior of mineral forms of nitrogen in the profile of semiterrestrial meadow-chernozemic soils of the central part of the floodplain, are presented using the example of the Miass River in the Chelyabinsk Region, in order to determine their content and distribution along genetic horizons during the period of active vegetation of the phytocenosis of the territory when establishing a stable state of water balance and temperature conditions. The objects of the research were soil and mineral forms of nitrogen, along with a number of agrochemical indicators, which were involved in the formation of potential soil fertility. Based on the results of field and laboratory studies, the object was diagnosed from the point of view of modern soil classification.

It has been determined that the environmental conditions of the formation and evolution of this type of soil contribute to the accumulation of a significant amount of organomineral and mineral forms of nitrogen in almost all biologically active genetic horizons. At the same time, nitrate nitrogen, according to the classification of the agrochemical service, is in quantities that allow it to be classified into groups with high and very high content, and its largest amount accumulates in the illuvial horizon at a depth of 60–75 cm. The ammonium form is distributed more evenly and is present both in the eluvial and illuvial horizons. The largest amount of ammonium nitrogen was noted at a depth of 10–20 cm.

The article presents the authors' opinion on the soil processes that form this distribution of mineral forms of nitrogen in the profile of semiterrestrial meadow-chernozemic soils. In addition, the authors believe that production and environmental conditions allow the most efficient use of these soils in the production of fodder or vegetable products.