EVALUATION OF THE PROJECTIVE COVER OF PLANT RESIDUES ON THE SOIL SURFACE WITH THE DIRECT SEEDING TECHNIQUE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25930/2687-1254/005.5.14.2021Keywords:
direct seeding, plant residues, remote sensing, principal component analysis.Abstract
The intensification of agriculture in the chernozem zone has led to the development
and introduction of new soil-saving technologies that reduce degradation processes. The complete rejection of soil tillage and surface covering with plant residues when using direct seeding technology has a positive effect on soil fertility. Therefore, plant residues in the fields are
becoming an essential part of modern land management and their quantification is necessary for a reliable assessment of the impact on soil properties. The research was carried out on two
fields of agricultural use located on the territory of the Budennovsky District in the Stavropol
Territory with the use of real tillage and direct seeding technique, where the soil was not cultivated. The purpose of the research is to determine the differences in the projective cover of
the soil surface with plant residues with different tillage technologies, as well as the influence
of technologies on the reflectivity of surfaces in the electromagnetic spectrum ranges that are
used to calculate spectral indices. The multispectral images of the Sentinel-2 system were
used in the work. To assess the reflectivity of the background surface, along with direct seeding and conventional technology, the clustering method and principal component analysis
were used. It was found that the presence of plant residues on the field surface, at least 80% of
the coverage during direct seeding, leads to an increase in the reflection of spectral channels
Band8, Band11, Band 12 of the Sentinel-2 system. Cluster analysis has shown that when developing spectral indices for the identification of plant residues in agricultural land management, it is necessary to use channels in the ranges of about 840 nm, 1610 nm, 2190 nm. The
principal component analysis records statistically significant differences between conventional technologies with tillage and direct seeding with all available ranges of the electromagnetic
spectrum in Sentinel 2.
