THE METHOD OF CALCULATING THE OPTIMAL SOIL DENSITY IN ANY VEGETATION PERIOD

Abstract

"The optimal density level" of soil used on the territory of Russia and the former
USSR was determined in the middle of the previous century in model agricultural experiments. The established levels do not reveal the link between the density of soil consistency
and yield in different depths of cover and in different stages of plant development. A method
for determining the level of "optimal density" for any stage of plant development which is of
interest to the researcher, in any cover depth and with any method of soil tillage has been suggested. The method is expected to have the following procedure: obtaining of experimental
data on the link between soil density and yield in the soil layer of interest and in the development stage in agrotechnical experimental studies in the impact of soil tillage on the yield of
the cultivated crop. Approximation of the obtained data by a second-degree polynomial; the
study on the extremum of the obtained function. The maximum point of the function will be
the target value. The obtained data is checked with methods of mathematical statistics. The
calibration of the suggested method was carried out on sod-podzolic light loamy soil in
Ivanovsky District, Ivanovo Oblast when cultivating spring wheat. Mathematically, it is certain that the yield is determined by the density of the layer which is deeper than the seeds
when sowing, during the period of plant development "tillering – stem elongation" and the
current soil moisture.